Here is a very thorough article on optical communications. It gives all of the physics behind it as well as many good circuits that one can build. Using the techniques discussed in this article, you could make your TV remote control work a mile a way. It is very interesting.
… The Handbook guides you through some of the basic concepts of optical communications. It discusses some of the physics of light and how light can be manipulated, modulated and transmitted to send information. It provides details of the components used in light transmitters and receivers. It also describes some unique signal processing techniques which can increase the practical range of a communications system. The book also gives you detailed information on building a long range optical transceiver. The systems described can send voice information over a range of several miles using simple components…
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